Plausible reason	Way of elimination
1. The engine is not started up 1.1. Infringement of giving of fuel
Mesh filters of the carburettor, the fuel pump or filters of clearing of fuel are littered	To wash out filters in неэтилированном gasoline. To replace the filter of thin clearing of fuel, to wash out filtering element of the filter-sediment bowl
The diaphragm of the fuel pump is damaged or tightness of valves is broken	To replace a diaphragm or valves
Water in filters of rough and thin clearing of fuel or in топливопроводе has frozen	To warm up sediment bowls of filters or топливопровод hot water
It is littered топливопровод	To blow топливопровод compressed air
Заело the valve of giving of fuel поплавковой chambers in the closed position	To wash out the valve in неэтилированном gasoline, to replace a sealing washer
1.2. A poor gas mixture (claps in the carburettor)
Item 1.1 see
It is not closed completely air заслонка	To adjust a drive air заслонки
Jets are littered: main and idling	To wash out and blow jets air
Thinnesses in connections of the carburettor with an inlet pipe and an inlet pipe with a head of the block of cylinders	To tighten fastenings, if necessary to replace linings
Low level of gasoline in поплавковой to the carburettor chamber	To adjust level
Valve jamming рециркуляции the fulfilled gases in open position	To replace the valve рециркуляции
1.3. A rich gas mixture (claps in the muffler)
It is covered air заслонка	To open air заслонку, to blow cylinders, turning a cranked shaft at open throttle заслонках
Tightness of the valve of giving of fuel is broken	To replace a sealing washer of the valve
Tightness of a float is broken	To restore tightness of a float
Air jets of dosing out systems are littered	To wash out jets неэтилированным gasoline and to blow compressed air
The screw of quality of a mix is adjusted on a rich mix	To adjust necessary structure топливовоздушной mixes
The raised level of gasoline in поплавковой to the chamber	To adjust level
1.4. The engine is not started up during cold time
It is not closed air заслонка	To adjust draught of a drive air заслонки. For this purpose to press a pedal of an accelerator and to extend the handle of draught air заслонки. The lever air заслонки to fix on draught in the closed position заслонки
1.5. Malfunctions in ignition system
The ignition coil is faulty	To replace the ignition coil
It is faulty коммутатор*	To replace the switchboard
Absence of reliable contact in a chain of system of ignition	To tighten contacts
The gauge-raspredelitel* is faulty	To replace the gauge-distributor
Gauges of a control system of the engine ** are faulty	To replace gauges
The management block ** is faulty	To replace the management block
2. The engine works unstably 2.1. Faults on small frequency of rotation of a cranked shaft in an idling mode
High or low level of gasoline in поплавковой to the carburettor chamber	To adjust level
Wrong adjustment of idling	To adjust idling system
Water presence in a fuel tank	To merge a sediment
Wrong adjustment of backlashes клапанов*	To adjust backlashes in клапанном the mechanism
Breakdown бегунка, a plastic cover of the coil of ignition or a gauge-distributor cover зажигания*	To replace бегунок, the coil of ignition or a cover of the gauge-distributor of ignition
Негерметичность фланцевых connections of the carburettor, an inlet pipe	To tighten fastenings фланцевых connections, if necessary to replace linings
It is faulty экономайзер compulsory idling	The tube запорного is necessary for connecting devices to a tube located on other party of the case, below a tube of the vacuum-proof-reader. If idling is restored, to repair or replace system of switching-off of giving of fuel. If it will not be restored, to wash out idling channels, to check up tightness заглушек on the carburettor
Deposit on candles	To clear candles
Негерметичность connections of a tube of a vacuum regulator **	To check up and if necessary to eliminate негерметичность
2.2. Faults in one or several cylinders of the engine
Burn-out of a cover of the gauge-distributor зажигания*	To replace a cover
Breakdown of a wire of a high voltage	To replace a faulty wire
Deposit on a candle	To clear a deposit пескоструйным the device
The spark plug does not work	To replace a spark plug
The ignition coil is faulty двухвыводная	To replace двухвыводную the ignition coil
The management block is faulty	To replace the management block
3. The raised toxicity of the fulfilled gases
Points 1.2 and 1.3 see;
Wrong installation of a corner of an advancing зажигания*	To adjust a corner of an advancing of ignition
Deposit on candles, a wrong backlash between electrodes	To clear candles, to adjust a backlash between electrodes
Wrong adjustment of thermal backlashes between valves and коромыслами*	To adjust backlashes in клапанном the mechanism
Негерметичность valves	To grind in valves
Deterioration маслосъемных caps	To replace the worn out caps
Deterioration of tsilindro-piston group	To make engine repair
Негерметичность connections of a tube of a vacuum regulator	To check up and if necessary to eliminate негерметичность
The gauge of absolute pressure ** is faulty	To replace the gauge
4. Deterioration of dynamics of the car (bad приемистость the engine, the engine does not develop a total power)
Incomplete opening throttle заслонок	To adjust a drive throttle заслонок
Point 1.2 see
Infringement of work accelerating нacoca	To wash out a spray and channels of the accelerating pump, to blow compressed air. To check up integrity of a diaphragm
Wrong adjustment of valves газораспределения*	To adjust backlashes of valves газораспределительного the mechanism
Wrong installation of a corner of an advancing зажигания*	To adjust a corner of an advancing of ignition
The air filter is polluted;	To replace filtering element
Position заслонок does not correspond <winter-summer> сезону*	To establish заслонки in the position corresponding to a season
5. The raised expense of gasoline
Points 1.2 and 1.3 see
The air filter is polluted	To replace filtering element
Wrong installation of a corner of an advancing зажигания*	To adjust a corner of an advancing of ignition
Infringement of tightness of the power supply system	To check up tightness топливопроводов, a fuel tank, a stopper of a fuel tank. To eliminate the found out malfunctions
Malfunctions in a car running gear	To check up adjustment of brakes, bearings of naves of forward wheels, pressure of air in tyres
High level of fuel in поплавковой to the chamber	To adjust level
The carburettor is polluted	To wash out the carburettor
Air заслонка remains partially covered	To adjust fastening of draught of a drive air заслонки
Негерметичность connections of a tube of a vacuum regulator	To check up and if necessary to eliminate
6. The engine overheats
The thermostat is faulty	To replace the thermostat
The belt (belts *) a drive of auxiliary units revolves	To adjust a belt tension (belts *)
Later зажигание*	To adjust a corner of an advancing of ignition
Point 1.2 see
The radiator is littered	To wash out cooling system
The gauge of a signalling device of an overheat of a cooling liquid is faulty	To replace the gauge
7. The engine continues to work after ignition deenergizing
Point 6 see
It is applied низкооктановый gasoline	To apply gasoline with recommended октановым number
8. Detonation knocks in the engine
Early зажигание*	To adjust a corner of an advancing of ignition
Нaгaр on walls of chambers of combustion and the bottoms of pistons	To clear chambers of combustion and the bottom of pistons of a deposit
It is applied низкооктановый gasoline	To apply gasoline with recommended active number
9. Low pressure of oil
Contamination or jamming редукционного the valve in open position	To wash out valve details, to clean a nest in the case of the oil pump
The gauge or the index of pressure of oil is faulty	To measure pressure a control manometre and if necessary to replace faulty devices
Engine overheat	To eliminate the overheat reasons
Easing of effort of a spring редукционного the valve	To replace a spring
Deterioration of loose leaves of a cranked shaft	To replace loose leaves
Deterioration of details of the oil pump	To replace the oil pump, заменить* a lining between a cover and the case a thin paper lining
The underestimated or overestimated level of oil in oil картере	To add or merge oil to recommended level under the index
10. The raised expense of oil
Deterioration of piston rings	To replace piston rings
Contamination of system of ventilation картера the engine	To spend service of system of ventilation
Oil leak through epiploons and thinnesses of connections	To replace epiploons and to restore tightness of connections by a tightening or replacement of linings
Destruction маслосъемных caps	To replace маслосъемные caps
11. Knocks in the engine
The big backlashes between коромыслами and valves	To adjust backlashes in клапанном the mechanism
Deterioration of shatunno-piston group	To make engine repair
Deterioration of loose leaves of a cranked shaft	To replace loose leaves
12. Knocks in a forward part of the engine (ЗМЗ-4061, ЗМЗ-4063)
Закусывание плунжера гидронатяжителя chains	To disassemble гидронатяжитель, to establish the reason закусывания and if necessary to replace the worn out details
** For УМЗ-4215, ЗМЗ-4025, ЗМЗ-4026.
** For ЗМЗ-4061, ЗМЗ-4063.